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Wetting and Bonding Behavior of SUS 304 Metal and Forsterite Ceramic with a PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO Glass Frit

Received: 12 August 2020     Accepted: 4 September 2020     Published: 23 February 2021
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Abstract

The joining behavior of metal to ceramic was investigated using glass frit media. Glass frit with a composition of 71.5PbO-24Bi2O3-2.5B2O3-1.5ZnO-0.5SiO2 in mol. % was designed to bond forsterite ceramic and SUS 304 metal. The glass frit demonstrated a glass transition temperature of 250°C and a thermal expansion coefficient of 15.9 x 10-6/°C, which isbetween the values of SUS 304 (17.8×10-6/°C) and forsterite (9.9×10-6/°C). The contact angle was smaller than 90° at a temperature of 460°C. Redox reaction at the interface between forsterite and SUS304 was found to appear when the electrons in the metal part moved toward the glass part and the oxygen ions in glass moved to the metal side. The decrease of the surface tension due to the PbO solubility on the forsterite side contributed to the better wetting behavior at low temperature. Due to the ionic bonding nature, the glass was able to chemically react with forsterite ceramic and form a rough boundary. The Fe metal in the SUS 304 was oxidized to form FeO ceramic. A thin FeO layer on the SUS 304 surface helped the glass frit to wet the SUS 304, and clear tight bonding between the glass and SUS 304 was achieved.

Published in International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 10, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12
Page(s) 8-11
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Forsterite, SUS 304, Thermal Expansion Coefficient (C.T.E), Ionic Bonding, Joining Glass to Metal

References
[1] L. L. Hench, R. J. Splinter, W. C. Allen, T. K. Greenlee, “Bonding mechanisms at the Interface of Ceramic Prosthetic Materials,” J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A, Vol.5, No. 6, 1971, pp. 117-141.
[2] J. A. Pask, and R. M. Fulrath, “Fundamentals of Glass-to-Metal Bonding: VIII, Nature of Wetting and Adherence,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. Vol.45, No. 12, 1962, pp. 592-596.
[3] C. Sipahi, M. Özaca, “Interfacial Shear Bond Strength between Different Base Metal Alloys and Five Low Fusing Feldspathic Ceramic Systems,” Dent. Mater. J. Vol. 31, No. 3, 2012, pp. 333-337.
[4] M. W. Finnis, “The Theory of Metal–Ceramic Interfaces,” J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. Vol. 8, 1996, pp. 5811-5836.
[5] G. H. Stafford, “A High-Pressure Hydrogen-filled Ionization Chamber,” Nature, Vol.162, 1948, pp. 771-772.
[6] J. A. Davidson, “Joining Ceramics, Glass, and Metal,”J. Mater. & Manu. Proc. Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 267-268.
[7] T. S. Sasikala, S. Raman, P. Mohanan, C. Pavithran, M. T. Sebastian, “Effect of Silane Coupling Agent on the Dielectric and Thermal Properties of DGEBA-Forsterite Composites,” J. Polym. Res. Vol. 18, No. 4, 2011, pp. 811-819.
[8] D. Simatos, G. Blond, G. Roudaut, D. Champion, J. Perez, and A. L. Faivre, “Influence of Heating and Cooling Rates on the Glass Transition Temperature and the Fragility Parameter of Sorbitol and Fructose as Measured by DSC,” J. Therm. Anal. Vol. 47, No. 5, 1996, pp. 1419-36.
[9] J. Choi, D. Shin, W. Bae, and D. Jeong, “Characteristics of the PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO-SiO2 Glass System Doped with Pb Metal Filler,” J. Korean. Ceram. Soc. Vol. 50, No. 3, 2013, pp. 238-243.
[10] J. Choi, D. Shin and W. Bae, “Effect of an additive on the Physical and Electrical Properties of the B2O3-ZnO-Bi2O3 Glass System for a Sheath Heater Module,” J. Korean Ceram. Soc. Vol. 50, No. 1, 2013, pp. 57-62.
[11] W. Bergermayer, H. Schweiger, and E. Wimmer, “An Initio Thermodynamics of Oxide Surfaces: O2 on Fe2O3 (0001),” Phy. Rev. B, Vol.69, No. 19, 2004, pp. 195407-19519.
[12] D. Luo and Z. Shen, “Wetting and Spreading Behavior of Borosilicate Glass on Kovar,” J. Alloy Compd. Vol. 477, No. 1-2, 2009, pp. 407-413.
[13] J. Choi, “Joining Behavior of Ceramics to Metal by Using Lead-Bismate Heavy Metal Glass Frit,” J. Korean Ceram. Soc. Vol. 51, No. 4, 2014, pp. 312~316.
[14] C. Greskovich and J. A. Brewer, “Solubility of Magnesia in Polycrystalline Alumina at High Temperatures,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc. Vol. 84, No. 2, 2001, pp. 420-425.
[15] W. D. Kingery, H. K. Bowen, and D. R. Uhlmann, Introduction to Ceramics, 2nd Ed. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 1976, p. 204.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Hang Choi, Tadachika Nakayama, Jin Sam Choi. (2021). Wetting and Bonding Behavior of SUS 304 Metal and Forsterite Ceramic with a PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO Glass Frit. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 10(1), 8-11. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12

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    ACS Style

    Hang Choi; Tadachika Nakayama; Jin Sam Choi. Wetting and Bonding Behavior of SUS 304 Metal and Forsterite Ceramic with a PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO Glass Frit. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2021, 10(1), 8-11. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12

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    AMA Style

    Hang Choi, Tadachika Nakayama, Jin Sam Choi. Wetting and Bonding Behavior of SUS 304 Metal and Forsterite Ceramic with a PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO Glass Frit. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2021;10(1):8-11. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12,
      author = {Hang Choi and Tadachika Nakayama and Jin Sam Choi},
      title = {Wetting and Bonding Behavior of SUS 304 Metal and Forsterite Ceramic with a PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO Glass Frit},
      journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
      volume = {10},
      number = {1},
      pages = {8-11},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20211001.12},
      abstract = {The joining behavior of metal to ceramic was investigated using glass frit media. Glass frit with a composition of 71.5PbO-24Bi2O3-2.5B2O3-1.5ZnO-0.5SiO2 in mol. % was designed to bond forsterite ceramic and SUS 304 metal. The glass frit demonstrated a glass transition temperature of 250°C and a thermal expansion coefficient of 15.9 x 10-6/°C, which isbetween the values of SUS 304 (17.8×10-6/°C) and forsterite (9.9×10-6/°C). The contact angle was smaller than 90° at a temperature of 460°C. Redox reaction at the interface between forsterite and SUS304 was found to appear when the electrons in the metal part moved toward the glass part and the oxygen ions in glass moved to the metal side. The decrease of the surface tension due to the PbO solubility on the forsterite side contributed to the better wetting behavior at low temperature. Due to the ionic bonding nature, the glass was able to chemically react with forsterite ceramic and form a rough boundary. The Fe metal in the SUS 304 was oxidized to form FeO ceramic. A thin FeO layer on the SUS 304 surface helped the glass frit to wet the SUS 304, and clear tight bonding between the glass and SUS 304 was achieved.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Wetting and Bonding Behavior of SUS 304 Metal and Forsterite Ceramic with a PbO-Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO Glass Frit
    AU  - Hang Choi
    AU  - Tadachika Nakayama
    AU  - Jin Sam Choi
    Y1  - 2021/02/23
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12
    T2  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
    JF  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
    JO  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
    SP  - 8
    EP  - 11
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-2643
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20211001.12
    AB  - The joining behavior of metal to ceramic was investigated using glass frit media. Glass frit with a composition of 71.5PbO-24Bi2O3-2.5B2O3-1.5ZnO-0.5SiO2 in mol. % was designed to bond forsterite ceramic and SUS 304 metal. The glass frit demonstrated a glass transition temperature of 250°C and a thermal expansion coefficient of 15.9 x 10-6/°C, which isbetween the values of SUS 304 (17.8×10-6/°C) and forsterite (9.9×10-6/°C). The contact angle was smaller than 90° at a temperature of 460°C. Redox reaction at the interface between forsterite and SUS304 was found to appear when the electrons in the metal part moved toward the glass part and the oxygen ions in glass moved to the metal side. The decrease of the surface tension due to the PbO solubility on the forsterite side contributed to the better wetting behavior at low temperature. Due to the ionic bonding nature, the glass was able to chemically react with forsterite ceramic and form a rough boundary. The Fe metal in the SUS 304 was oxidized to form FeO ceramic. A thin FeO layer on the SUS 304 surface helped the glass frit to wet the SUS 304, and clear tight bonding between the glass and SUS 304 was achieved.
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Jinju Jungang High School, Jinju, Republic of Korea

  • Department of Electrical Engineering/Electronic Devices and Optical Electronics Group, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan

  • Amorphous Keramos Institute Inc., Jinju, Republic of Korea

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